1853
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| Years: 1850 1851 1852 - 1853 - 1854 1855 1856 | |
| Decades: 1820s 1830s 1840s - 1850s - 1860s 1870s 1880s | |
| Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1853 in art List of state leaders in 1853 | |
Events
- January 19 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore premieres in Rome
- January 21 - Russell L. Hawes patents the envelope folding machine
- January 29 - Napoleon III marries the Spanish Countess Eugčnie at the Tuileries
- March 4 – Inauguration of US president Franklin Pierce
- June 7 - Franklin College of Lancaster, Pennsylvania merges with Marshall College of Mercersburg, Pennsylvania to form Franklin and Marshall College in Lancaster
- June 20 - Pope Pius X elected
- July 8 Commodore Perry arrives in Edo Bay with a request for a trade treaty
- July 25 Outlaw and bandit Joaquin Murietta is killed.
- August 12 – New Zealand acquires self-government
- August 24 - Potato chips first prepared.
- November 15 - Maria II of Portugal is succeeded by her son Pedro
- November 30 - Crimean War: Battle of Sinope - The Russian fleet destroys the Turkish fleet.
- December 30 - Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest
- Yellow fever kills 7790 in New Orleans
- Alexander Wood invents the hypodermic syringe
- Argentina adopts federal constitution - Buenos Aires opposes that
- Donald McKay builds the Great Republic, the world's biggest sailing ship, which at 4,500 tons was too large to be successful
- Isambard Kingdom Brunel began work on the Great Eastern passenger steamer
- Start of Crimean War
- Independent Santa Cruz Maya of Eastern Yucatan recognized as an independent nation by British Empire
- Iesada succeeds Ieoshi as Japanese Shogun
- Beginning of the Late Tokugawa shogunate, the last part of the Edo period in Japan.
Births
- January 28 - José Martí, revolutionary (+ 1895)
- February 6 - Ignacij Klemenčič, Slovene physicist (+ 1901)
- March 14 - Ferdinand Hodler, painter (+ 1918)
- March 30 - Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter
- May 28 - Carl Larsson, painter (+ 1919)
- June 3 - William Flinders Petrie, Egyptologist
- July 5 - Cecil Rhodes, South African politician
- July 18- Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate
Deaths
- January 16 - Matteo Carcassi, Italian composer
- March 17 - Christian Doppler, mathematician
- July 23 - Ieoshi, Japanese Shogun
- November 15 - Maria II of Portugal
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