1977

From open-encyclopedia.com - the free encyclopedia.

For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album).

Years: 1974 1975 1976 - 1977 - 1978 1979 1980
Decades: 1940s 1950s 1960s - 1970s - 1980s 1990s 2000s
Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1977 in aviation 1977 in film 1977 in literature 1977 in music 1977 in sports 1977 in television

Contents

4.1 January
4.2 February
4.3 March
4.4 April
4.5 May
4.6 June
4.7 July
4.8 August
4.9 September
4.10 October
4.11 November
4.12 December

5 Nobel Prizes

Events

January 1 - First woman Episcopal priest ordained
January 6 - EMI sacks the Sex Pistols
January 18 - Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious "legionnaire's disease"
January 18 - Australia experiences its worst railway disaster at Granville, near Sydney, in which 83 people died.
January 19 - President Gerald Ford pardons Iva Toguri D'Aquino (aka "Tokyo Rose").
January 20 - Gerald Rudolph Ford, 38th President of the United States is succeeded by Jimmy Carter.
January 21 - President Jimmy Carter pardons Vietnam War draft evaders.
February 7 - The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 24.
February 11 - A 20.2-kg lobster is caught off Nova Scotia (heaviest known crustacean).
February 18 - The Space Shuttle Enterprise test vehicle goes on its maiden "flight" while sitting on top of a Boeing 747.
March 1 - Sara Lowndes Dylan files for divorce from her husband of 11 years, Bob Dylan
March 4 - An earthquake in southern and eastern Europe kills more than 1,500
March 9 - Approximately a dozen armed Hanafi Muslims take over three buildings in Washington, DC, killing one person and taking more than 130 hostages. The hostage situation ends two days later.
March 21 - Birth of Celine Lorent.
March 27 - Collision between KLM and PanAm Boeing 747's at Tenerife kills 583
April 1 - Hay-on-Wye declares independence
April 7 - German Federal Prosecutor Siegfried Buback and his driver are shot by two Red Army Faction members while waiting at a red light near his home in Karlsruhe. "The Ulrike Meinhoff Commando" later claims responsibility
April 7 - Toronto Blue Jays play their first-ever game of baseball against the Chicago White Sox
May 23 - Scientists report using bacteria in lab to make insulin
May 23 - Moluccan terrorists take over a school in Bovensmilde, northern Netherlands (105 hostages) and a passenger train in Bovensmilde-Assan route nearby (90 hostages) at the same time. June 11 Dutch Royal Marines storm the train - six terrorists and two hostages are killed
May 28 - In Southgate, Kentucky, the Beverly Hills Supper Club is engulfed in fire, killing 165 inside
April 28 - Stuttgart court sentences RAF members Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carle Raspe to life imprisonment
June 5 - A coup takes place in Seychelles.
June 5 - The Apple II, the first practical personal computer, goes on sale.
June 10 - James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Petros, Tennessee (he was recaptured on June 13).
June 15 - Spain has its first democratic elections after 41 years under the Franco regime.
June 20 - The Supreme Court of the United States rules that states are not required to spend Medicaid funds on elective abortions.
June 20 - TV-program Alternative Three shown in British television
July 13 - The New York City Blackout of 1977 lasts for 25 hours and results in looting and other disorder.
July 22 - The purged Chinese communist leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power as the "Gang of Four" is expelled from the Communist Party of China.
July 28 - First oil through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System reaches Valdez, Alaska
July 30 - Left-wing German terrorists Susanne Albrect, Brigitte Mohnhaupt and a third person assassinate Jürgen Ponto, chairman of the Dresdener Bank in Oberursel, West Germany
August 3 Two months after the Apple II and Commodore PET ship, Tandy announces the TRS-80
August 4 - US President Jimmy Carter signs legislation creating the United States Department of Energy
August 12 - NASA space shuttle makes its first test flight off the back of a jetliner
August 16 - Rock singer Elvis Presley dies in Tennessee.
August 20 - Voyager program: The United States launches the Voyager 2 spacecraft
September 5 - Voyager program: Voyager 1 is launched after a brief delay
September 5 - Hanns-Martin Schleyer, President of the Employers Association, is kidnapped in Cologne, West Germany. Kidnappers kill three escorting police officers and his chauffeur. They demand release of Red Army Faction prisoners
September 6 (approx) - Steve Biko suffers a massive head injury in police custody in South Africa.
September 7 - Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The US agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century
September 8 - INTERPOL releases copyright laws that govern the reproduction of video tapes & other material.
September 11 - The last "wild" infection of smallpox is reported in Somalia.
September 12 - Steve Biko dies of his injuries.
September 21 - Nuclear-proliferation pact, curbing spread of nuclear weapons, is signed by 15 countries including the United States and USSR.
September 28 - Porsche 928 debuts at the Geneva Auto Convention
October 13 - Four Palestinians hijack a Lufthansa Airlines flight to Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction
October 18 - Three Palestinian hijackers are killed when a German anti-terrorist squad storms a Lufthansa aircraft at Mogadishu Airport
October 18 - Red Army Faction members Andreas Baader, Jan-Carl Raspe and Gudrun Ensslin commit suicide in Stannheim prison. Irmgard Möller fails. Their supporters continue to claim they were murdered. Bodies are buried October 27
October 19 - Kidnapped industrialist Hans-Martin Schleyer is found killed in West Berlin
October 20 - Three members of rock group Lynyrd Skynyrd die in charter plane crash
November 6 - The Kelly Barnes Dam, located above Toccoa Falls Bible College near Toccoa, Georgia, fails, killing 39
November 19 - Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab leader to officially visit Israel when he meets with Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin and speaks before the Knesset in Jerusalem, seeking a permanent peace settlement (much of the Arab world is outraged by the visit).
November 22 - British Airways inaugurates regular London to New York City supersonic Concorde service
December 4 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, president of the Central African Republic, crowns himself Emperor.
December 4 - A Malaysia Airlines Boeing 737 is hijacked and then blown up in mid-air over the Straits of Johor, killing 100.

Unknown dates

A collection of work by J. R. R. Tolkien, The Silmarillion, is published posthumously by his son Christopher Tolkien.
Swedish music group ABBA passes The Beatles as having most records sold.
2060 Chiron, first of the outer solar system asteroids known as Centaurs, discovered by Charlie Kowal.
Don Novello first appeared on Saturday Night Live.
2000 AD the UK sci-fi comic is launched, featuring Judge Dredd.

Year in topic

1977 in film
- Annie Hall
- The science fiction saga Star Wars, later renamed to Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope, makes its first outing to the cinema and makes George Lucas and the team at LucasArts a staggering $461 million.
- John Travolta discoed in Saturday Night Fever.
- In the Academy Awards, Peter Finch, Faye Dunaway and Beatrice Straight win Best Actor and Actress and Supporting Actress awards for Network.
- Annie Hall picks up an Academy Award for Best Picture and All The President's Men wins Jason Robards the Supporting Actor and an Art Direction for George Jenkins and George Gaines.
1977 in literature
1977 in music
- February 4 - Fleetwood Mac releases Rumours, which is a blockbuster album (recorded on March 3, 1976).
- DJ_Kool_Herc classifies and introduces a new movement in America, calling it Hip hop.
- The Talking Heads release their debut album, Talking Heads: 77.
- The Police formed
1977 in sports
- May 29 - Janet Guthrie becomes the first woman to qualify for the Indianapolis 500.
- Creation of the WilliamsF1 Formula One racing team by Frank Williams.
- October 1 - Football (soccer) legend Pelé plays the last game of his storied career, a friendly match between his current team, the New York Cosmos, and his old Brazilian club Santos, at Giants Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. Pelé played the first half for the Cosmos and the second half for Santos.
1977 in television
- May 10 - South Africa has television service for the first time.
- September 15-CHiPs premiers on NBC.

Births

January 7 - Dustin Diamond, actor (Saved by the Bell)
January 8 - Amber Benson, actress
January 13 - Orlando Bloom, actor (Fellowship of the Ring, Troy)
January 28 - Daunte Culpepper, American football quarterback
January 28 - Joey Fatone, musician
February 2 - Shakira, Colombian pop singer
February 8 - Yucef Merhi, Venezuelan artist
February 11 - Jessica Carlson, United States archer
February 11 - Stephanie Richardson, Canadian swimmer
February 13 - Randy Moss, NFL star
February 16 - Ian Clarke, Freenet creator
February 20 - Stephon Marbury, basketball player
March 5 - Wally Szczerbiak, NBA basketball player
April 14 - Sarah Michelle Gellar, actress
April 14 - Chandra Levy, intern at the Bureau of Prisons in Washington, DC.
April 21 - Jamie Salé, figure skater
April 22 - Andruw Jones, Major League Baseball All-Star
April 24 - Carlos Beltran, baseball player
May 7 - Fluffyhearts, artist
May 13 - Samantha Morton, actress
May 14 - Roy Halladay, baseball pitcher
May 23 - Ilia Kulik, Russian figure skating champion
June 1 - Danielle Harris, voice actress
June 8 - Kanye West, rapper, producer
June 9 - Peja Stojakovic, Serbian NBA star
June 16 - Kerry Wood, baseball pitcher
June 27 - Raúl, Spanish football star
July 1 - Jarome Iginla, NHL hockey player
July 1 - Liv Tyler, actress
July 8 - Wang Zhizhi, Chinese basketball player
July 14 - Victoria, Princess of Sweden - Crown Princess of Sweden from 1980
July 28 - Emanuel Ginobili, Argentine basketball player
August 9 - Chamique Holdsclaw, WNBA basketball player
August 12 - Plaxico Burress, American football player
August 15 - Igor Cassina, Italian gymnast
August 17 - Thierry Henry, French football star
August 27 - Deco, football player
September 11 - Ludacris, rapper
October 7 - Meighan Desmond, actress
November 3 - Aria Giovanni, model and actress
November 16 - Oksana Baiul, figure skater
November 19 - Kerri Strug, gymnast
December - Ahmed al-Nami, suspected terrorist
December 3 - Adam Malysz, Polish ski jumper
December 7 - Fernando Vargas, boxer
December 23 - Alge Crumpler, American football player
December 30 - Laila Ali, boxer, daughter of Muhammad Ali

Deaths

October

October 14 - Bing Crosby, American singer and actor

November

November 8 - Bucky Harris, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1896)
November 15 - Princess Charlotte Louise Juliette Louvet Grimaldi of Monaco, mother of Reigning Prince Rainier III of Monaco
November 25 - Tommy Prince, aboriginal Canadian war hero

December

December 19 - Jacques Tourneur, director
December 25 - Charlie Chaplin, comedian, star of silent film

Nobel Prizes

Physics - Philip Warren Anderson, Sir Nevill Francis Mott, John Hasbrouck van Vleck
Chemistry - Ilya Prigogine
Medicine - Roger Guillemin, Andrew V. Schally, Rosalyn Yalow
Literature - Vicente Aleixandre
Peace - Amnesty International
Economics - Bertil Ohlin, James Meade

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