James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury

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James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury (October 23 1861 - April 4 1947) was the eldest son and heir of the Victorian statesman Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury. He was educated at Eton and at University College, Oxford. He succeeded his father in 1903. He was married to Lady Cicely Gore, of the earls of Arran, by whom he had issue, including the 5th Marquess of Salisbury.

The 4th Marquess was a notable Conservative leader in the House of Lords, and served in his cousin Arthur Balfour's government as Lord Privy Seal (1903-1905), and later in those of Andrew Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin as Lord President of the Council (1922-1924). In the 1930s he was one of the most prominent opponents of Indian Home Rule in the Lords, supporting the campaign against the legislation waged in the Commons by Winston Churchill. He was Lord High Steward for the coronation of George VI in 1937.