Johan Galtung
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Johan Galtung (Born 1930 in Oslo, Norway) is a Norwegian professor, working at the Transcend Institute. He is seen as one of the founders of peace and conflict research. He is also one of the authors of an influential account of news values, the factors which determine coverage given to a given topic in the news media.
Galtung is frequently referenced in regard to concepts he introduced, or at least is commonly associated with:
- Structural violence - widely defined as the systematic ways in which a given regime prevents individuals from achieving their full potential. Institutionalized racism and sexism are examples of this.
- Negative vs. Positive Peace - introduced the concept that peace may be more than just the absence of overt violent conflict (negative peace) and include a range of relationships up to a state where nations (or any groupings in conflict) might have collaborative and supportive relationsihps (positive peace).
Johan Galtung started the International Peace Research Institute in Oslo (PRIO), the first of its kind in Europe. He developed the Transcend Method.
In over 40 conflicts all over the world he participated as mediator, such as in Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, the Caucasian area or Ecuador.
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