Sahaba
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In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (Ashaab, pl) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammed. A Sahaba knew or saw the Prophet, believed in his teachings, and died a Muslim.
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Major Sahaba
Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, al-Zubayr ibn al-`Awwam, Talha, `Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf, Abu -Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah, Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas, and Sa`id ibn Zayd ibn `Amr, Muawiyah, Khalid ibn Walid, Ibn Umar, and many many others.
Other group designations
Ahlul Bayt
Sahaba are different from Ahlul Bayt (translated as "People of the House") because Sahaba are companions, while Ahlul Bayt are the wives of Prophet Muhammed and his grandchildren through his daughter Fatima (who married Ali, the Prophet's cousin).
Taba'een
The generation after the Sahaba is known as the Taba'een or "followers".