Umayyad

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The Umayyad Dynasty (Arabic الأمويون / بنو أمية umawiyy; in Turkish, Emevi) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the Quraish. The first dynasty reigned from 661 to 750. Ironically, the Quraishi clan from which the Umayyads originated had originally been bitter enemies of Muhammad.

Muawiyah had been the governor of Syria under the 3rd caliph and his kinsman, Uthman ibn Affan. After the assassination of Uthman, he was replaced by the new caliph, Ali Ben Abu Talib. Rather than relinquish his post, Muawiyah took up a rebellion against Ali. The two fought many battles, and eventually they agreed to partition the Muslim empire. However, Ali was assassinated in 661, and Muawiyah declared himself caliph of all Muslim lands. This established the Umayyad dynasty, the capital was moved to Damascus

The Umayyads were overthrown in the east by the Abbasid dynasty after their defeat in the Battle of the Zab in 750, following which most of the clan was massacred by the Abbasids. An Umayyad prince, Abd-ar-rahman I, took over the Muslim territory in Spain and founded a new Umayyad dynasty there.

Contents

1 Umayyad Rulers

1.1 The Umayyad Caliphs
1.2 Umayyad Emirs of Cordoba
1.3 Umayyad Caliphs of Cordoba

2 External links

Umayyad Rulers

The Umayyad Caliphs

Muawiyah I ibn Abu Sufyan, 661-680
Yazid I ibn Muawiyah, 680-683
Muawiya II ibn Yazid, 683-684
Marwan I ibn Hakam, 684-685
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, 685-705
al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik, 705-715
Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik, 715-717
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, 717-720
Yazid II ibn Abd al-Malik, 720-724
Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, 724-743
al-Walid II ibn Yazid II, 743-744
Yazid III ibn al-Walid, 744
Ibrahim ibn al-Walid, 744
Marwan II ibn Muhammad, 744-750

Umayyad Emirs of Cordoba

Umayyad Caliphs of Cordoba

External links

ar:امويون de:Umayyaden fr:Omeyyades ja:ウマイヤ朝 nl:Omajjaden pl:Umajjadzi